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St Andrew is one of the
Saints, a group of twelve remote,
scattered and traditionally lawless
parishes not far from the Norfolk border.
There is a sense in which St Andrew is in
the Saints, but not of them: it
looks away from the others to north and
east for the other parishes in its shared
benefice. There is no real village here,
but that is par for the course with the
Saints of course: only three of them have
a proper village in their parish. St
Andrew has more houses than most though,
and they are scattered around commons,
separated by rambling, hedged lanes. All
in all, the parish is rambling and
incoherent, difficult to grasp. This
grand round-towered church sits at a bend
in the road with the former rectory for
company. As is common in this part of
East Anglia, the tower has an octagonal
bell stage, and although some round
towers were built from scratch in the
13th and 14th centuries, it is likely
that this top was built onto a Norman
tower, probably contemporary with the
body of the nave, which despite the
acquisition of later Perpendicular
windows is essentially a long Norman
church. The chancel was probably added at
the time the tower was topped off. A good
modern statue of St Andrew gazes out from
the niche on the porch, which was built
right on the eve of the Anglican
reformation. The graveyard he looks out
on is a delight: there has been almost no
clearance of the older gravestones, and
it must be a genealogist's dream.
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The
original entry for this church on the Suffolk
Churches site back in 1999 caused something of a
war of words. At the time, it was one of just
three of the churches in the Saints which I'd
found locked without a keyholder. I had got hold
of the telephone number of one of the
then-churchwardens: she was most unhelpful and
off-putting, and I said so. Rather surprisingly,
I then received a number of e-mails from people
telling me that they had similar experiences,
including one from a man in Canada who had
eventually got inside and found the interior in a
filthy state. As you may imagine, reporting all
this on the web site didn't go down terribly
well, but of course I had no way of being able to
deny my Canadian correspondent's account. But
there were other churches to see, and coming back
to this relatively insignificant church with
little hope of getting in was not on my list of
priorities.
And
then, something extraordinary happened. In December 2001,
workmen undertaking a repair to the south wall
uncovered a remarkable scheme of wall paintings.
They bear a similarity to the 14th century wall
paintings at nearby North
Cove, but
what makes them unusual is the main subject, the
depiction of a wheel of fortune. It is the only
known example in East Anglia, although it is
possible that the painting on the south wall at Barton
Bendish St Mary in Norfolk may show something
similar. The wheel of fortune is a variation on
the usual judgement scene, with a seated figure
at the top, and two other figures apparently tied
to the wheel, one rising and the other falling.
The image of a wheel of fortune was a potent one
in late medieval times. It was derived from a
work called the Consolation of Philosophy,
by the 6th Century Roman philosopher Boethius. By
the 13th and 14th centuries, this book was the
most widely copied work of secular literature in
Europe, central to a university education and
formation for the Priesthood. As such, it
informed and infused English medieval
Christianity, particulary at the time of the
Black Death and afterwards.
Famously, Boethius
has Fortune tell us that inconstancy is my very essence;
it is the game I never cease to play as I turn my
wheel in its ever changing circle, filled with
joy as I bring the top to the bottom and the
bottom to the top. Yes, rise up on my wheel if
you like, but don't count it an injury when by
the same token you begin to fall, as the rules of
the game will require. This fatalism is also
seen expressed in such more common wall painting
scenes as the Three Living and the Three Dead,
where the noblemen out hunting are reminded by
corpses in various states of decay that as
you are, so once was I, as I am so you must be,
therefore prepare to follow me. The
suggestion is that it is of no use to store up
earthly treasures, but the wheel is also intended
to remind the viewer of the temporality and
uncertainty of these things, and that it is far
better to concentrate the mind on higher
thoughts.
In the 15th century, there
was a move away from clasical mysticism towards
an enforcement of the orthodoxy of the Catholic
Church, mainy because of the way in which the
increasing wealth of a rising middle class was
paying for reminders of the significance of
praying for the dead at that time of pestilence
and disease. These wall paintings were probably
covered up during the 15th century, a century or
so before the protestant iconoclasts came along.
Around the wheel are other figures, including the
dead rising from their graves, and east of the
window are a queen and an angel, probably part of
a larger scene. The pitting in the figure of the
queen is almost certainly not iconoclasm, but
simply the way that the surface has been prepared
for a covering of plaster. A curiosity on the
wall opposite is an architectural drawing of a
Romanesque building, which may well predate the
scenes on the south wall.
The wall paintings are of
such significance that the story of their
discovery reached a national audience. But
Ilketshall St Andrew wasn't finished with
extraordinary events, because a year or so later
the church was struck by lightning. Twice. It
took until 2006 for the building to be reopened,
and what a transformation! You step into a clean,
bright, long church, which is obviously
well-loved and cared for. At the west end of the
south side is 16th century bench back carved with
cherubs and the large initials JE. behind it, the
15th century font looks most imposing on its
pedestal.There is a pleasing feeling of a rustic
19th century restoration, as if the blacksmith
and the plough boy would still be thoroughly at
home here. The great royal arms of Charles II are
currently away undergoing restoration, but they
are expected to be returned to the church during
2008.
The bad news is that
Ilketshall St Andrew church is still
kept locked, and there is still no
keyholder notice. This is at a time when every
single other church in the Saints is now open
every day, and other local churches which used to
be kept locked without keyholders - Redisham and
Worlingham, for example - now display prominent
notices telling you where you can find the key.
St Andrew is regularly open to visitors
for a couple of days each month, but that is by
no means the same thing as being available to
strangers and pilgrims who turn up on on spec to
take a look. And it is not as if anyone can
actually steal the wall paintings, is
it.
| I arrived here on a bike
ride in July 2008, and my heart sank to
discover that there still appeared to be
no way in. I tried ringing the two
churchwardens on the noticeboard, hoping
that neither of them would turn out to be
the woman who had torn me off a trip nine
years before; however, as it turned out,
neither of them were in. I have a small
acquaintance with the Rector into whose
care St Andrew has recently been moved (I
can't help thinking that he'll take a dim
view of it being kept locked) and I
thought about ringing him, but I knew he
was on study leave. There
was another number on the board of a
minister who had retired locally, and he
very kindly put me in touch with a lovely
lady who lives near to the church. She
quickly came out and let me in. While we
chatted, two more people came up to the
church and asked to see inside, and I
couldn't help imagining a fairly constant
succession of arrivals hoping to see the
wall paintings, but having to leave
disappointed. This is not a terribly
satisfactory state of affairs, but
perhaps it will change. The paintings are
well worth a view, but even without them
this is a lovely church, a place to stop
and sit awhile, if only that were
possible.
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